Isisekelo sedizayini samabhethri e-lithium-ion
Izimiso Zokuklama Eziyisisekelo
Ukwakhiwa kwebhethri kufanele kusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zedivayisi kagesi kanye nezici ze-ibhethriuqobo. Okokuqala, imingcele yezobuchwepheshe yengxenye ngayinye, okuhlanganisa ama-electrode, i-electrolyte, isihlukanisi, ne-casing, kufanele ichazwe ngokucacile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imingcele yenqubo yokukhiqiza idinga ukulungiswa kahle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iphakethe lebhethri lokugcina lihlangabezana nokucaciswa okunqunywe kusengaphambili kanye nezinkomba zokusebenza (ezifana ne-voltage, umthamo, kanye nevolumu). Idizayini enengqondo nephumelelayo ibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwebhethri ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela; ngakho-ke, ukuphishekela isisombululo esiphezulu kuyo yonke inqubo yokuklama kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izidingo Zomklamo
Ekwakhiweni kwebhethri, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokugcwele izimfuneko ezithile zedivayisi eqondiwe yamapharamitha okusebenza kwebhethri nendawo yokusebenza kwayo. Ngokuvamile, izici ezilandelayo ezibalulekile kufanele zibhekwe:
(1) I-voltage yokusebenza kwebhethri.
(2) Ibhethri elisebenza manje, okungukuthi, amandla okukhipha okujwayelekile kanye nomthamo omkhulu.
(3) Isikhathi sokusebenza kwebhethri, okuhlanganisa isikhathi sokukhipha esiqhubekayo, impilo yesevisi, noma impilo yomjikelezo.
(4) Indawo yokusebenza kwebhethri, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa le-ambient, njll.
(5) Ivolumu yebhethri enkulu evunyelwe.
Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion asetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kufanele zihlangabezane nezinhlobonhlobo zezidingo ezengeziwe, ezifana nokumelana nokushaqeka nokudlidliza, ukuzivumelanisa nezinga lokushisa elidlulele, nokusebenza ezindaweni{2}}zokucindezela okuphansi. Lapho udizayina lawa mabhethri, ngaphezu kokucabangela lezi zici zomzimba ezibalulekile, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ngokucophelela izici ezifana nokukhethwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, izici ezibalulekile ezinquma izici zebhethri, ukusebenza kukonke, izinqubo zokukhiqiza,{4}}ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko, nezinga lokushisa lokusebenza.
Izinkomba ezibalulekile zokuhlola ukusebenza kwamabhethri anamandla
Ukusebenza kwebhethri ngokuvamile kuhlolwa ngezici ezilandelayo:
1) Amandla
Umthamo webhethri ubhekisela enanini eliphelele likagesi ibhethri elinganikeza ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokuchithwa. Lo mqondo uvamise ukuvezwa njengomkhiqizo wamanje nesikhathi, futhi ngokuvamile ulinganiswa ngamahora angu-ampere-(Ah). Le parameter ithinta ngokuqondile ubuningi bamanje bokusebenza bebhethri kanye nobude besikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo.
2) Izimpawu Zokukhipha kanye Nokumelana Kwangaphakathi
Izici zokukhishwa kwebhethri zibonisa ukuzinza kwe-voltage yayo ephumayo, i-voltage plateau, kanye{0}nokusebenza kokukhipha kwayo okuphezulu kwamanje ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Lezi yizinkomba ezibalulekile zokulinganisa umthamo wokulayisha webhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokumelana nebhethri: ukumelana ne-ohmic kwangaphakathi kanye ne-polarization yangaphakathi ukumelana. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokumelana kwangaphakathi zinomthelela obaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kokukhipha okuphelele phakathi{4}nokukhishwa kwamanje okuphezulu.
3) I-Operating Temperature Range
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini kagesi ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, amabhethri kufanele agcine ukusebenza okuhle ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lokushisa.
I-4) Ukusebenza Kwesitoreji
Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile sokulondoloza, ukusebenza kwebhethri kungase kushintshe ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene, okuholela-ekuzikhipheni, ukuvuza kwe-electrolyte, ama-short circuit, njll., ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kwayo.
5) Ukusebenza Komjikelezo
Ukusebenza komjikelezo kusho inombolo yokushaja-imijikelezo yokukhipha ibhethri lesibili elingamelana nayo ngaphansi kokushajwa okuthile{1}}imithetho yokukhipha kuze kube yilapho ukusebenza kwayo kwehlela kuleveli enqunywe kusengaphambili. Ingenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zokuhlola-ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kwebhethri.
6) Izici Zokuphepha
Ukuphepha kwebhethri kubonakala kakhulu ezingeni layo lokuphepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezingavamile zokusetshenziswa. Lezi zimo zokusetshenziswa ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukushajwa ngokweqile, amasekhethi amafushane, ukuhlola ukungena kwezinzipho, ukuhlola kokuchotshozwa, ukuchayeka kwebhokisi elishisayo, ukuthinteka kwento esindayo, nokudlidliza. Amandla ebhethri okumelana nalezi zimo ezimbi kakhulu angenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekunqumeni ukufaneleka kwayo-kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinkulu.
Izinsiza zokulungiselela kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-electrode ezinhle nezimbi
ukulungiselela
Izinto zama-electrode eziphozithivu nezinegethivu ziyizingxenye eziyinhloko zamabhethri e-lithium-e-ion, njengama-electrode e-positive njenge-LFePO4 noma i-LiCoO2, nama-electrode anegethivu njenge-graphite noma i-silicon/carbon. Izinto ezihlukene zidinga izindlela ezihlukene zokulungiselela. Lesi sigaba sisebenzisa izinto ze-ternary positive electrode njengesibonelo ukwethula okokusebenza okudingekayo enqubweni yokulungiselela.
Ukwenziwa kwezinhlamvu
Izinto eziyinhloko zamabhethri e-lithium-e-ion, njengezinto ezisebenza kahle nezingezinhle ze-electrode, zonke ziyizinto ezisebenzayo ze-electrochemical ezithonya kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-electrochemical yamabhethri e-lithium{1}}i-ion. Kunezinkomba eziningi zobuchwepheshe okufanele zicatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwebhethri, kodwa ikakhulukazi ziwela ezigabeni ezintathu: isigaba sokuqala isakhiwo sekristalu yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye ne-microstructure; isigaba sesibili yizinkomba ze-physics ye-physicochemical, okuhlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana, indawo ethile engaphezulu, ukuminyana kompompi, kanye nokwakheka kwezinto (okuhlanganisa nokungcola); futhi isigaba sesithathu izici zokusebenza kwe-electrochemical, njengomthamo, ukusebenza kahle kwasekuqaleni, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electrochemical. Ukutholwa nokucaciswa kwezinkomba ezihlukahlukene zebhethri ye-lithium{4}}yezinto eziyinhloko zebhethri ye-ion kubaluleke kakhulu ocwaningweni olubalulekile nokuthuthukiswa, ukulawula ukukhiqiza, nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi.
Inkinobho yokukhiqiza ibhethri ye-lithium{0}}yokusebenza
Iseli lohlamvu lwemali, elaziwa nangokuthi iseli lenkinobho noma-iseli{0}}elivame ukusebenzisa insimbi ye-lithium njenge-electrode eyinegethivu kanye nokokusebenza kwe-electrode ephozithivu njenge-electrode ephozithivu; noma insimbi ye-lithium njenge-electrode enhle kanye nempahla ye-electrode engalungile njenge-electrode engalungile. Usayizi wayo omncane, ukusetshenziswa kwempahla ephansi ekwenziweni kwe-electrode, kanye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kuyenza idivayisi ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo zamabhethri e-lithium{2}}e-ion.
Esigabeni sokwenziwa kwama-electrode, izinto ezisetshenziswayo nama-reagents adingekayo afaka izinto ezingezinhle nezingezinhle zama-electrode, ama-ejenti okuqhuba, ama-binder, nabaqoqi bamanje. Okokuqala, izinto ezisebenzayo ze-electrode ezinhle nezimbi, ama-conductive agents, nama-binders axutshwe ngokulinganayo ngesilinganiso esithile kusetshenziswa ukugaya okwenziwa ngesandla noma i-homogenization yemishini. Khona-ke, udaka oluphumayo lumbozwa kumqoqi wamanje ohambisanayo. Ekugqokeni kwelabhorethri, indlela yokugqoka inqunywa ngokusekelwe kwinani le-slurry. Kuma-slurries amakhulu, kusetshenziswa umshini omncane wokumboza (Umfanekiso (a)); kuma-slurries amancane, ifilimu{4}}idivayisi yokwakha isetshenziselwa ukumboza ngesandla (Umfanekiso (b)). Khona-ke i-electrode yomiswa kuhhavini yokumisa futhi ihlanganiswe ngokucindezela i-roller. Ukusika kuyinqubo yokusika ngokunembile i-electrode ibe yizicucu eziyindilinga. Ngokuvamile, i-roller-i-electrode ecindezelweyo iboshelwa phakathi kwephepha lokukala futhi ibekwe emshinini wokubhoboza ukuze kukhishwe izingcezu ezincane ze-electrode ngokushesha. Ububanzi bezingcezu ezincane ze-electrode bungalungiswa ngosayizi wokufa wokubhoboza womshini wokubhoboza.
