Isistimu yesitoreji samandla e-microgrid igcina ugesi oweqile okhiqizwa emithonjeni esabalalisiwe njengamaphaneli elanga noma izinjini zomoya, bese ikhipha la mandla lapho ukukhiqizwa kwehla noma isidingo sikhuphuka. Uhlelo lusebenza ngamabhange ebhethri (ngokuvamile i-lithium-i-ion) exhunywe kumathuluzi okuguqula amandla kanye nesilawuli esihlakaniphile esilawula ukushaja, ukushajwa, nokugeleza kwamandla phakathi kwegridi encane, isitoreji, negridi eyinhloko.
Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zohlelo Lwesitoreji Samandla E-Microgrid
Lonke isistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid iqukethe izinto ezine ezibalulekile ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze zithwebule, zigcine, futhi zisabalalise amandla kagesi.
Isistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri (BESS) yakha inhliziyo yokusebenza. Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion abusa imakethe ngoba anikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphindwe ka-5 kuya kwezingu-6 kunamabhethri e-asidi omthofu futhi angaqedela 3,000{10}}imijikelezo yokushaja engu-4,000 ngaphambi kokwehliswa komthamo ongu-80%. Uma kuqhathaniswa, amabhethri{14}}e-asidi eholayo aphatha kuphela imijikelezo engu-400{17}}500 ngaphambi kokwehlela kumthamo ongu-50%. Isistimu yesikali sokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile ingase isuke ku-300 kW/386 kWh ekufakweni okuncane ukuya kumamegawathi amaningana anomthamo wama-megawathi amaningi amahora okugcina.
Isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri (BMS) iqapha amandla kagesi weselula ngayinye, amazinga okushisa, nesimo sokushajwa kulo lonke ibhange lebhethri. Lokhu kuvimbela ukushajwa ngokweqile, kulawula ukulinganisa kwamaseli, futhi kuvikela ekubalekeni okushisayo. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa kubalulekile{2}}amabhethri e-lithium{3}}e-ion asebenza kahle kakhulu phakathi kuka-40-110 degrees Fahrenheit, adinga ukupholisa okusebenzayo noma amasistimu okushisisa ekufakweni okuningi.
Amasistimu okuguqula amandla avala igebe phakathi kwesitoreji sebhethri le-DC namandla egridi ye-AC. Njengoba amabhethri egcina amandla njengamanje aqondile kodwa amagridi amaningi asebenza ngokushintshana kwamanje, ama-inverter aqondiswa kabili aphatha ukuguqulwa kuzo zombili izinkomba. Lawa ma-inverters aphinde aphathe amapharamitha ekhwalithi yamandla afana nokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokuqiniswa kwamafrikhwensi.
I-Energy Management System (EMS) isebenza njengobuchopho obumaphakathi, yenza izinqumo-zesikhathi sangempela mayelana nokugeleza kwamandla. Nge-EMS, izinsiza zamandla asabalalisiwe, uhlelo lokugcina, kanye negridi eyinhloko kulawulwa ngokubambisana ukuze kumiswe ukuguquguquka, ukunikeza ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo, nokugwema ukulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa. Le softhiwe ihlaziya ngokuqhubekayo izibikezelo zesizukulwane, izibikezelo zokulayisha, izintengo zikagesi, nesimo sebhethri ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwesistimu.
Indlela Amandla Ageleza Ngayo Ngohlelo
Umjikelezo wokushaja nokukhipha kusistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid ulandela inqubo ehlanganisiwe ephethwe amasistimu okulawula okulandelanayo asebenza ngezilinganiso zesikhathi ezihlukene.
Ngezikhathi zokushaja, lapho amaphaneli elanga akhiqiza ugesi omningi kunalowo osetshenziswa endaweni noma lapho amanani kagesi wegridi ehla phakathi-namahora aphakeme kakhulu, i-EMS iqondisa amandla engeziwe ebhange lebhethri. Isistimu yokuguqula amandla iguqula amandla e-AC asuka kumajeneretha noma igridi ibe yamanje ye-DC elungele ukushajwa kwebhethri. Uma amadivayisi amaningi okugcina amandla anamakhono ahlukahlukene etholakala, isistimu ihlanganisa ukushajwa kwawo ukuze amadivayisi amancane angashajwa ngokugcwele ngaphambi kwamakhudlwana, ngokusekelwe esimweni sawo sokushajwa.
Inqubo yokukhipha ihlehlisa lokhu kugeleza. Uma ukukhiqiza okuvuselelekayo kwehla-njengangemuva kokushona kwelanga kumasistimu elanga{2}}noma lapho isidingo sikagesi siphezulu, isilawuli sitshela amabhethri ukuthi akhiphe amandla agciniwe. I-inverter iguqula amandla ebhethri le-DC abuyele ku-AC, afane ne-voltage yegridi nezidingo zefrikhwensi. I-BESS ingaqala ukukhipha amandla kugridi cishe amasekhondi amabili, inikeze impendulo esheshayo iziphehli zikaphethiloli ezingeke zifane.
Ukugeleza kwamandla akuhlali kumugqa. Kugridi{{1}imodi exhunyiwe, i-microgrid ingadonsa ngesikhathi esisodwa amandla kugridi eyinhloko, ikhiqize emithonjeni yasendaweni, ishaje amabhethri, ikhiphe amabhethri, futhi inikeze imithwalo yasendaweni-konke ngokusekelwe kulokho okutholwa yi-algorithm yokuthuthukisa ukuthi iyonga kakhulu noma ithembekile ngaleso sikhathi.
-I-Tier Control Architecture Ezintathu
Isistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid eklanywe kahle isebenzisa ukwakheka kokulawula okulandelanayo okunamaleveli ayinhloko, esibili, naphakeme asebenza ngezikali zesikhathi ezihamba kancane.
Ukulawula okuyinhloko kusebenza ngama-millisecond, ukuqina kwamandla kagesi kanye nemvamisa ngaphakathi kwegridi encane. Lesi sendlalelo siqinisekisa ukuthi uma umthwalo omkhulu uvuleka ngokuzumayo noma okukhiphayo kwephaneli yelanga kwehla ngenxa yekhava yamafu, isistimu isabela ngokushesha ukuze igcine ikhwalithi yamandla. Ukulawula okuyinhloko futhi kuphatha ukuthi amandla asebenzayo nasebenzayo abiwa kanjani phakathi kwezinsiza zamandla asabalaliswe kaningi ngaphandle kokudinga ukuxhumana phakathi kwazo.
Ukulawula okwesibili kusebenza kumasekhondi-kuya{1}}kusilinganiso sesikhathi samaminithi, kusebenza njengomphathi omaphakathi. Ibuyisela i-voltage ye-microgrid kanye nemvamisa futhi inxephezele ngokuchezuka okubangelwa ukuhlukahluka kwemithwalo noma imithombo evuselelekayo. Leli zinga lilungisa noma yikuphi ukukhukhuleka isilawuli esiyinhloko esingakwazi ukukusingatha ngokugcwele futhi singaklanywa ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile zekhwalithi yamandla njengokulinganisa kwamandla kagesi ezindaweni ezibalulekile zokuxhuma.
Ukulawulwa kwemfundo ephakeme kusebenza kusuka emaminithini kuya emahoreni, kugxile ekwakhiweni komnotho kanye nokusebenzisana kwegridi. Leli zinga livamise ukubandakanya ukubikezelwa kwesimo sezulu, intela yegridi, nemithwalo emahoreni noma usuku olulandelayo ukuze udizayine uhlelo lokuthunyelwa kwejeneretha oluzuza ukonga ngokomnotho. Isibonelo, ingase inqume ukuthi ukushaja amabhethri ngo-2 AM lapho ugesi ubiza u-$0.03/kWh futhi ukushajwa ngo-6 PM uma amanani efika ku-$0.35/kWh azokwandisa ukonga.
Amamodi Okusebenza: Igridi-Ixhumekile iqhathaniswa ne-Island
Amasistimu okugcina amandla e-Microgrid asebenza ngezindlela ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu, ngayinye enamasu okulawula ahlukene nezinjongo.
Kugridi{{0}imodi exhunyiwe, i-microgrid ihlala ivunyelanisiwe negridi yokusetshenziswayo eyinhloko ngephoyinti lokuhlanganisa okufanayo (PCC). Lapha, isistimu yesitoreji inikeza ukusakazwa kwenani okuningi. Lenza ukushefa okuphezulu ngokukhipha ngesikhathi-izikhathi ezifunwa kakhulu ukuze kuncishiswe izinkokhiso ezimba eqolo. I-BESS futhi ingenza i-microgrid iqine kakhudlwana-ekucishweni kosizo noma ukwehla kwamandla esikhashana akhiqizwa i-microgrid, i-BESS ingangena ku-inthanethi cishe ngokushesha ukuze isekele imithwalo ebalulekile. Uhlelo lungase futhi lunikeze izinsizakalo zokulawula imvamisa kunsizakalo, ukushaja kanye nokushajwa ngokushesha ukuze kusize ukulinganisa ukunikezwa kwegridi kanye nesidingo.
Imodi ye-Island iqala ukusebenza lapho i-microgrid inqamuka kugridi eyinhloko, ngenhloso noma ngenxa yokucima. Uma i-microgrid inqanyulwa kugridi yamandla futhi isebenza ngokuzimela, okukhipha amandla asabalalisiwe kuyashintsha ngezici zemvelo futhi ayikwazi ukunikeza okukhiphayo okuzinzile kwemithwalo. Isitoreji siba sibalulekile ekuvaleni lezi zikhala. Isistimu yokulawula kufanele ilinganise ngokucophelela ukukhiqizwa, ukulayishwa, kanye nesimo sokushajwa kwebhethri ngaphandle kokusekela kwangaphandle. Uma amabhethri ephela ngesikhathi sokuhlala esiqhingini okunwetshiwe, amaphrothokholi wokucisha ukulayisha anqamula ngokuzenzakalela{4}}imithwalo engabalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe amandla ezinsiza ezibalulekile.
Ukushintsha phakathi kwamamodi kudinga ukulawula okuyinkimbinkimbi. Uma kutholwa ukuphazamiseka kwegridi, isistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid kufanele inqamuke phakathi kwemijikelezo, yakhe i-voltage eqinile nereferensi yefrikhwensi, futhi iqhubeke ngokunikeza imithwalo{1}}konke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kubasebenzisi bokugcina.
Izibonelo-zangempela Zokusetshenziswa Komhlaba
Ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kukhombisa ukuthi ithiyori ihumusha kanjani ukuzijwayeza ngamamethrikhi okusebenza athile.
I-Enel X ifake isistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid endaweni engu-625-yeyunithi yezindlu endaweni yase-Brownsville, e-Brooklyn, ehlanganisa isistimu yelanga ye-photovoltaic engu-400 kW, isitoreji samandla esingu-300 kW/1.2 MWh, kanye ne-fuel cell engu-400 kW. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kunikeza inkimbinkimbi amandla aqinile ngesikhathi sokucisha kwegridi kuyilapho kunciphisa izindleko zikagesi ngokusebenzisa amandla elanga kanye nokuphathwa kwezindleko zokufunwa.
Ngesilinganiso esikhulu, i-solar X ye-Enel X-kanye{1}}nesitoreji se-microgrid sefekthri ye-Eaton Electrical e-Las Piedras, e-Puerto Rico ihlanganisa cishe u-5 MW wamandla elanga e-photovoltaic kanye cishe no-1.1 MW/2.2 MWh wesitoreji sebhethri. Umthamo omkhulu wesitoreji uvumela isikhungo ukuthi sishintshe ukukhiqizwa kwelanga kusuka eziqongweni zokukhiqiza zasemini kuya ezikhathini zokufunwa kwakusihlwa.
I-NREL isekela ukuthuthukiswa-kwegridi enezigaba ezintathu, 300-kW/386-igridi ye-kWh{6}}isistimu eboshiwe esebenzisa i-lithium-ion, i-nickel cadmium, namabhethri e-lead acid alungiselwe ukuletha ibhalansi efanele yamandla atholakalayo namandla. Le ndlela-yekhemikhali eningi ibonisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuhlukahlukene bungaphelelisana kanjani-i-lithium{10}}yokuminyana kwamandla, i-lead-acid yamandla abiza kancane, kanye ne-nickel cadmium yokubekezelela izinga lokushisa.
Ngo-2024, ama-microgrid amasha angama-59 asetshenziswa esamba esingu-241 MW, nama-microgrid okugcina amandla aletha enye i-19.5 MWh noma i-33.2 MWh. I-United States ifake u-11.9 GW wesitoreji samandla ebhethri ngo-2024 kuphela, kanti imakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-18.2 GW wokufakwa kwesikali segridi entsha{9}}ngo-2025.
Imisebenzi Esemqoka Yokusebenza
Isistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid yenza izindima ezintathu ezibalulekile ezihlukanisa ama-microgrid esimanje kumajeneretha ayisipele alula.
I-arbitrage yamandla kanye nokugudluzwa komthwalo kumele umsebenzi oyinhloko wezomnotho. Ngokushaja amabhethri phakathi-namahora aphakeme kakhulu (ngokuvamile ebusuku) nokusebenzisa amandla agciniwe ngezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu (ngokuvamile ntambama nasekuseni kakhulu), amasistimu anganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zikagesi, abanikazi bezindlu abaningi babike ukonga okungu-30-}50% ezikweletini zanyanga zonke zamandla. Ama-microgrid ezohwebo asizakala ngesikhathi{{5}sokusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zesilinganiso ngokushuba nakakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi azuza ukwehlisa ngo-60-70% ezindlekweni ezidingekayo.
Ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi yamandla kubhekana ne-voltage nokuzinza kwamafrikhwensi. Ngokulawula isistimu yokuguqula amandla esitoreji samandla, isistimu ilungisa ukuphuma kwamandla asebenzayo futhi asebenzayo ku-microgrid ngenkathi ixazulula amadiphu kagesi kanye nama-sags. Uma injini enkulu iqala, idala ukwehla kwe-voltage ngokushesha, isistimu yokugcina ifaka amandla asebenzayo ngaphakathi kwama-millisecond ukuze inxephezele. Lokhu kuvimbela ukulimala kwemishini kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenqubo.
Ukushelela kwamandla avuselelekayo kuqeda ukuhlukahluka okuyinkinga kokukhiqizwa kwelanga nomoya. Ifu elidlula phezu kwe-solar lingabangela ukuphuma kwehle ngo-80% ngemizuzwana. Ngaphandle kwesitoreji, lokhu kungadala ama-voltage anzima kanye nohambo lwefrikhwensi. Uhlelo lokugcina amandla luzinzisa ukushintshashintsha kwamandla asabalalisiwe, luhlinzeka ngokuphuma okuzinzile, futhi lunike amandla ukusatshalaliswa kwasendaweni kokukhiqizwa okuvuselelekayo. Isitoreji sishaja ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okuphezulu okuvuselelekayo kanye nokuphuma ngesikhathi sokuthokomala, kwethula iphrofayili yamandla eqinile emithwalweni nakugridi.
Izinselele Zezobuchwepheshe Nezixazululo
Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezifakazelwe, ukusebenzisa isistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid kubhekana nezinselele ezimbalwa zobunjiniyela okufanele opharetha babhekane nazo.
Ukonakaliswa kwebhethri kuthinta kokubili umthamo nokuphepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iningi lamabhethri e-lithium asezingeni eliphakathi kwemijikelezo engu-4,000 ngaphambi kokwehla aye ku-80% womthamo wangempela. Emjikelezweni owodwa ophelele ngosuku, lokhu kuhumusha cishe iminyaka eyi-11 yokusebenza. Nokho, ukukhishwa okujulile namazinga okushisa aphezulu kusheshisa ukuwohloka. Ama-algorithms e-Smart EMS manje alungiselela amaphethini wokushaja ukuze unciphise ingcindezi{8}}ngokwesibonelo, ukugcina amabhethri phakathi kwezimo zokushajwa kuka-20-80% phakathi nokusebenza okuvamile kanye nokugcina umthamo ogcwele wezimo eziphuthumayo.
Ukulawula inkimbinkimbi kukhula kakhulu ngosayizi wesistimu kanye nenani lezisetshenziswa ezisabalalisiwe. I-microgrid enama-solar array amaningi, izinjini zomoya, amajeneretha, namabhange ebhethri idinga ukuxhumanisa inqwaba yama-inverter nezilawuli. Ama-microgrid amancane kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-nanogrid uma esebenza ngebhilidi elilodwa, futhi ukuxhumana kwama-nanogrid amaningi kwakha inethiwekhi eyenza ukwabelana kwamandla phakathi kwamasistimu angawodwana. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa yenza kube lula ukulawula ngokwakha izigaba lapho izilawuli zendawo zilawula khona ama-nanogrid angawodwana futhi umphathi omaphakathi uhlanganisa{3}}ukugeleza kwamandla e-nanogrid.
Izindleko zihlala ziyisithiyo esibalulekile naphezu kokwehla kwezintengo zebhethri. Ucwaningo lwe-NREL lwango-2018 lwathola ama-microgrid e-Continental United States abiza isilinganiso sama- $2-5 wezigidi ngemegawathi ngayinye ukuze athuthuke. Kodwa-ke, isitoreji samandla somhlaba wonke semakethe yama-microgrids kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele ku- $ 2.1 billion ukusuka ngo-2024-2028, sikhule ku-CAGR engama-22.79%, siqhuba umnotho wezinga. Amamodeli ezezimali afana ne-Microgrid Service Agreements manje avumela izinhlangano ukuthi zikhiphe amasistimu anemali eyiziro ngaphambili.
Ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa kanye nentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo
Ukwakheka kwezwe kwesistimu yesitoreji samandla e-microgrid kuyaqhubeka kudlula amasistimu e-lithium-avamile we-ion.
Amanye amakhemistri webhethri athola amandla ezinhlelweni ezithile. Ngo-2024, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) abe abalulekile kwisitoreji esikhulu ngenxa yokutholakala kwengxenye ephezulu, isikhathi eside sokuphila, nokuphepha okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-nickel{2}}based lithium{3}}ikhemistri ye-ion. Amabhethri agelezayo anikeza izinzuzo ezahlukene-impilo yomjikelezo cishe engenamkhawulo kanye nokukala okuzimele kwamandla namandla{6}okuwenza athandeke{7}}ubude bezinhlelo zokusebenza zesitoreji.
Ukunikezwa kukagesi{{0}i-hydrogen-i-ammonia ehambisana ne-ammonia yamakheli e-microgrids{2}}idinga ukungalingani ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezintathu zesitoreji samandla ezivumelana nokushintsha izidingo zikagesi ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene. Ungqimba olungaphezulu lusebenza minyaka yonke ngezinyathelo zesikhathi samasonto onke zokugcina i-ammonia, kuyilapho ungqimba olungezansi lusebenza masonto onke ngezinyathelo zehora ze-hydrogen nogesi. Le ndlela-yesikali sesikhathi esiningi iphatha ukuhlukahluka kwesizini amabhethri ewodwa angakwazi ukukulungisa ngokwezomnotho.
Ukwenziwa ngcono kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kuguqula ukuphathwa kwamandla kumasistimu okugcina amandla e-microgrid athuthukile. Ama-algorithms wokufunda komshini manje abikezela ukukhiqizwa kwelanga, amaphethini okulayisha, nezintengo zikagesi ngokunemba okwandayo, okuvumela amasu okuthumela ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Amasu athuthukile anganikeza ukuphela-kokuqeda{3}}ukulawula i-microgrid kusetshenziswa ukufunda komshini njengokufunda okujulile kokuqinisa, ngokuqhubekayo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza ngokusekelwe kudatha yomlando kanye{4}}nempendulo yesikhathi sangempela.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
I-microgrid ingasebenza isikhathi esingakanani endaweni yokugcina ibhethri iyodwa?
Isikhathi sokusebenza sincike kumthamo webhethri nesidingo sokulayisha. Isistimu yokugcina amandla e-microgrid yendawo yokuhlala eno-10-15 kWh wesitoreji ingase inike amandla imithwalo ebalulekile amahora angu-4-8. Amasistimu amakhulu afana nokufakwa okungu-300 kW/1.2 MWh e-Brownsville anganikeza amahora angu-4 wamandla aphelele noma anwebeke kuye emahoreni angu-12+ uma kunikezwa imithwalo ebalulekile kuphela. Izinhlelo zezentengiselwano zivame ukulinganiswa amahora angu-2-4 ekulayisheni okuphezulu, nakuba ezinye izikhungo ezibucayi zicacisa amahora angu-8-24 wokulondoloza.
Kwenzekani lapho amabhethri eshajwa ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-solar ephezulu?
I-EMS inezinketho ezimbalwa: ukuthekelisa amandla engeziwe kugridi eyinhloko uma igridi-exhunyiwe kanye ne-net metering itholakala, nciphisa ukukhiqiza okuvuselelekayo ngokunqamula amaphaneli elanga noma ama-wind turbines, noma hambisa imithwalo evumelana nezimo njengokushisisa kwamanzi noma{1}}ukupholisa kwe-HVAC ngaphambi{1}}ukuze kudle okusalayo. Ngezikhathi zomthwalo ophansi, isistimu yokugcina amandla igcina amandla engeziwe asuka ezinsizeni zamandla asabalalisiwe ukuze akhishwe ngesikhathi sokufunwa okuphezulu.
Ingabe isitoreji samandla singanciphisa izindleko zokufunwa kwamakhasimende ezentengiso?
Yebo, lesi ngesinye sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibaluleke kakhulu. Izindleko ezifunwayo zisekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokukhokha, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa u-30-70% wesikweletu sikagesi wentengiso. Amasistimu esitoreji alandelela ukudonswa kwamandla futhi ajove amandla agciniwe noma nini lapho ukusetshenziswa kusondela esiqongweni esikhona, "kushefa" isicaba sephrofayili edingekayo. Ngisho nesistimu yebhethri enesizotha eyehlisa ukufunwa okuphezulu ngo-20-30% ingaletha ukonga okukhulu kuma-akhawunti amakhulu okuhweba.
Isistimu ikugcina kanjani ukuphepha ngamabhange amakhulu ebhethri?
Izendlalelo eziningi zokuqapha nokulawula ukusebenza kwebhethri. I-BMS ihlola ngokuqhubekayo amandla kagesi eseli ngalinye, amanje, nezinga lokushisa iqhathanisa nemikhawulo ephephile. Uma noma iyiphi ipharamitha idlula ama-threshold, isistimu iyayeka ngokushesha ukushaja noma ukushajwa. Ukuvikela okuphathekayo kufaka phakathi amasistimu okulawula okushisayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushisa ngokweqile,{3}}ukukhipha umoya wokuqhuma ukuze kukhishwe igesi, amasistimu okucindezela umlilo, namaswishi okuhlukanisa anganqamula amabhethri kukho konke ukuxhumana kwangaphandle. Ukwehluleka kwe-BESS kwenzeke kakhulu ekulawuleni nasekubhaleni okokusebenza kwesistimu, kuyilapho u-11% kuphela okwenzeka kumaseli ngokwawo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwesitoreji samandla kuguqula ama-microgrid asuke ezinhlelweni ezilula zokusekelayo abe izinkundla eziyinkimbinkimbi eziletha ukwethembeka, ezomnotho, kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo. Njengoba izindleko zebhethri ziqhubeka nokuncipha kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula zikhula ngobuhlakani ngokwengeziwe, lindela ukwamukelwa okusheshayo kwamasistimu okugcina amandla e-microgrid kuyo yonke imikhakha yezindawo zokuhlala, ezohwebo, nezinsiza. Ubuchwepheshe sebukhulile kusukela ekufakweni kokuhlola kuya kwingqalasizinda eqinisekisiwe esebenzela izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke, nokuqagela kokukhula kwemakethe okuqinisekisa lo mzila ngo-2030 nangale kwalokho.