I-BESS: Izitolo Nokukhishwa Amandla Kagesi

Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandlaibhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwamakhemikhali noma izindlela zemvelo ukugcina amandla kagesi akhiqizwa emithonjeni yamandla eyinhloko futhi awakhulule lapho edingeka. Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi okokufaka kanye nokuphumayo kwamandla nodaba, nokuguqulwa kwamandla kanye nemishini yokugcina.

Ngokungafani nezimpahla ezivamile ezikhiqizayo eziguqula uphethiloli ube amandla uma usiyala, ubuchwepheshe be-BESS bususa ubudlelwano besikhashana phakathi kokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa-amandla ashintsha kakhulu ukusebenza kwegridi. Inqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-electrochemical inika amandla ukugeleza kwamandla aqondiswa kabili: ukushaja kusuka ekukhiqizeni kabusha okungaphezulu noma ukucisha-amandla egridi aphezulu, bese ewakhipha ngezikhathi zokushoda noma ukukhuphuka kwentengo. Okwenza lawa masistimu abe yigugu akuwona nje umthamo wesitoreji kuphela kodwa isivinini sokuphendula{4}}igridi-amabhethri esikalini angashintsha ukusuka ekushajeni okugcwele ukuya ekukhishweni okugcwele ngama-millisecond, isici sokusebenza okungekho mshini oshisayo ongakwazi ukufana.

I-architecture ayiyona inkimbinkimbi ngokomqondo, nakuba imininingwane yokusayinda ihlukanisa ukufakwa okuthembekile kokunezinkinga.
Amaseli ahlangana abe amamojuli. Amamojula anqwabelana kuma-rack. Ama-Racks agcwalisa iziqukathi noma inhloso{2}}izindawo ezakhiwe. Uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri luqapha ama-voltage eseli ngalinye namazinga okushisa, ukulinganisa ukusatshalaliswa kweshaja kanye nokuhlaba umkhosi okudidayo. Ukuphatha okushisayo{5}}ngokujwayelekile ukupholisa uketshezi ezintweni zesimanje-ukusetshenziswa kwesikali{7}}kugcina amaseli ngaphakathi kwamafasitela asebenza kahle (ngokuvamile angu-15-35℃). Isistimu yokuguqula amandla iphethe i-DC-ukuguqulwa kwe-AC, ixhuma kugridi nge-switchgear evamile kanye nama-step-up transformer.

Lapha kulapho imboni ibhekana khona nezingqinamba zangempela. Iningi elimangalisayo legridi-yesikali se-Battery Energy Storage Systems esathuthukiswayo noma esisebenza sinikeza amahora angu-2-4 obude besikhathi sokuhlanjululwa kumthamo olinganiselwe. Lokho kwanele ukushefa okuphezulu kwakusihlwa{5}}ukumunca insalela yelanga yasemini, bese kuthunyelwa ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwe-kwesidingo sokushona kwelanga{7}}kodwa akwanele{8}}ukukhuthazela kwezinsuku eziningi phakathi nezikhathi ezinwetshiwe ezingavuseleleki kalula.
"Ijika ledada" elidumile laseCalifornia libonisa lesi simo. Isamba sesamba (isidingo se-minus variable variable renewable output) siyehla ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwelanga lantambama, bese sigibela ngokucijile njengoba ilanga lishona futhi isidingo sokuhlala sikhuphuka. Ibhethri lamahora angu-4{4} liwuphatha kahle lowo mjikelezo wansuku zonke. Engakwazi ukubhekana nakho umcimbi womfula osemkhathini weviki lonke ocindezela ukuphehlwa kwelanga kuso sonke isifunda kuyilapho ngasikhathi sinye ukhuphula isidingo sokushisisa.

Ubuchwepheshe besikhathi eside-sokugcina amandla{1}}okugeleza kwamabhethri, umoya ocindezelweyo, i-hydrogen, amasistimu ashisayo{2}}aqondise leli gebe, kodwa amamethrikhi ezindleko nokusebenza kahle awakafinyeleli ekulinganeni ne-lithium{3}}i-ion isikhathi esifushane. Imakethe iyaqhubeka nokubheja ekuncishisweni kwezindleko ze-lithium{5}}okukhuphukayo kunokusheshisa ukuphakelwa kwezinye izindlela.

I-Energy arbitrage{0}ukuthenga okuphansi nokudayisa okuphezulu{1}ngenkathi uheha abatshalizimali, akuvamisile ukulawula inzuzo yangempela yamabhethri. Izinkonzo ezisizayo zivame ukuba nenzuzo enkulu.

Ukulawula imvamisa kudinga ukusabela okusheshayo ngakho-ke kubiza kakhulu. Uma amajeneretha amakhulu evala kungazelelwe, amaza egridi ayehla. Amabhethri angafaka amandla phakathi kwama-millisecond angu-100, avimbele ukwehla kwefrequency ngaphambi kokuthi{3}}amalahle ahambayo-aqalise izimboni zamandla avuthayo. I-Hornsdale Power Storage System yase-South Australia yakubonisa ngokusobala lokhu ngo-2017 lapho isabela ekucishweni kwesikhungo sikagesi esibaselwe ngamalahle ngokushesha kunalokho okuvunyelwene ngokwenkontileka, kugwenywa ukucisha okungahle kwenzeke.

Ama-spinning reserve, usekelo lwe-voltage, -namandla okuqala amnyama-lawa masevisi aya ngokuya ethanda amandla-okusabela asheshayo okugcinwa kwebhethri ngaphezu kwamajeneretha avamile ahambisanayo. Ezinye izimakethe zilungise ngokukhethekile izindlela zesinxephezelo ukuze zihlole isivinini sokuphendula, zidale imithombo yemali engenayo eyayingekho eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.

I-Battery Energy Storage Systems ixazulula izinkinga zangempela ezidalwa ukushintshwa kwamandla. Ukukhiqiza okuvuselelekayo okuvuselelekayo kudinga ukugcinwa kumthamo. Izidingo zokuguquguquka kwegridi ziyakhula. Ukufakwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha nokushisisa kukhulisa izinselelo zokulawulwa kwesidingo esikhulu.

Kodwa isitoreji sisodwa asixazululi inkinga yezikhawu ngesilinganiso sesizini. Akusiqedi isidingo somthamo oqinile wokukhiqiza, nakuba kungase kunciphise ukuthi lowo mthamo usebenza kangaki. Yethula izinto ezintsha ezicatshangelwayo zokuphepha imboni esafunda ukuyiphatha.

Ubuchwepheshe buyasebenza. Ezomnotho ziba ngcono minyaka yonke. Umzila wokuphakela ubukeka uqinile. Akukho kulokhu okuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okungenazihibe ezinhlelweni zegridi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibuswa imithetho yefa futhi eqhutshwa izikhungo ezakhiwe eduze kokukhiqizwa kwezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi.

Noma ubani okutshela ubuchwepheshe be-BESS umele inkinga exazululiwe noma akanakile noma uthengisa okuthile. Noma ubani oyichithayo njengengenzeki akakabhekanga izindleko zephrojekthi zakamuva noma idatha yokusebenza. Iqiniso liphakathi kwalezo zimo{2}}lapho kanye ukuhlola okuthembekile kobunjiniyela kuvame ukufika khona.