Amayunithi wamandla ashisayo, njengesisetshenziswa esiyinhloko sokulawula imvamisa esihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo eziyisiza ze-AGC (Automatic Guided Vehicle), ahlushwa izithiyo ezimbalwa: isikhathi eside sokuphendula (ngokuvamile ebangeni lamashumi amasekhondi); isilinganiso sokulawula okunensayo (izinga lokulawula elijwayelekile (i-MWmin) lamayunithi wamandla ashisayo alidluli u-3% wamandla alinganiselwe); kanye nokunemba kokulawula okungalungile (ukuchezuka okuvumelekile kwamayunithi wamandla ashisayo kungu-1% wamandla alinganiselwe).
Nokho, ukusebenzaizinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethringokuhlangana namayunithi wamandla ashisayo ukuphendula imiyalo ye-AGC kungasebenzisa ngokugcwele izinzuzo zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla: isikhathi esifushane sokuphendula (<100ms), fast regulation rate (regulation time from no-load to full-load less than 20ms), and high regulation accuracy. This improves the overall regulation performance index K of the unit while avoiding the need for large-capacity energy storage systems, enabling the project to achieve better economic benefits.
Izimiso eziyisisekelo kanye nenqubo yokulawula imvamisa yokugcinwa kokushisa namandla okuhlanganisiwe:
1) Ngogesi, ukugcinwa kwamandla kanye namayunithi amandla ashisayo angasebenza ngokuhambisana ekugcineni koxhumano lwegridi, asebenze ndawonye ukuze alandelele imiyalo yokuthunyelwa kwe-AGC, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kwemithethonqubo iyonke;
2) Ngaphandle kokushintsha isilawuli sokuqala se-AGC seyunithi yamandla ashisayo, yakha umyalo ophumayo wesistimu yokulondoloza amandla ngokusekelwe kumehluko phakathi komyalo we-AGC kanye-nokukhishwa kwesikhathi sangempela kweyunithi yamandla ashisayo, futhi uvale igebe lokufunwa kwamandla elibangelwa umehluko ngokusebenzisa izici zokulawula amandla ezisheshayo nezinembile zesistimu yokugcina amandla.
3) Njengoba okukhiphayo kweyunithi yamandla ashisayo kuphendula umyalo we-AGC futhi usondela kuwo, okukhiphayo kwesistimu yokugcina amandla kuyahoxiswa ngokufanele kuze kube yilapho iyunithi yamandla ashisayo ekugcineni ithatha okukhiphayo komyalo we-AGC. Kungabonakala ukuthi{2}isikhathi esiphezulu sokusebenza kwamandla wesistimu yokugcina amandla ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okukodwa kwe-AGC siku-oda leminithi elingu-1 ukuya kwangu-2.
Njengoba kungabonakala kunqubo engenhla, amandla okukhipha aphezulu e-BESS umehluko phakathi komyalo we-AGC kanye nokuphumayo kwamanje kweyunithi yamandla ashisayo. Isidingo sokusebenza sigcizelela ukulawulwa okuphezulu{{1}kumandla, okusheshayo, nokunembayo, kuyilapho isidingo somthamo sinqunyelwe, sikwenza kube uhlelo lokusebenza lwamandla{2}}oluvamile lwe-BESS. Nakuba umthamo namandla e-BESS kungase kucatshangelwe ngokunembile ngokusekelwe kufrikhwensi yegridi nezici zokuguquguquka kwesiginali yephutha lokulawula esifundeni, kucatshangelwa kabanzi umthelela wokuguquguquka komthwalo, izimiso zokuthunyelwa kwegridi ye-AGC, nokuthuthukisa izinzuzo zezomnotho, izinqubo eziningi zamanje zokuklama zisekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kanye nedatha yezibalo yemiyalelo yeyunithi ukuze ilandelele ngokuphelele i-AGC yeyunithi, ukulandelela okuphelele kwe-AGC yeyunithi, i-AGC yesikhathi esidlule. ukuthumela imiyalo futhi, ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukugcina ibhethri i-SOC cishe ku-50%.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusekelwe esimisweni sobuchwepheshe sokuthi isilinganiso esiphezulu sokushintsha amandla eyunithi yamandla ashisayo singu-3%P ngomzuzu, futhi njengoba izinguquko zomyalo we-AGC ngokuvamile ziba ngomzuzu- -ngomjikelezo weminithi, ukulungisa isistimu yesitoreji samandla esingu-2C ku-3% wamandla alinganiselwe weyunithi yamandla ashisayo P kufanelekile.
Isimiso esiyisisekelo siboniswa esithombeni.
Ezinhlelweni ezihlanganisiwe zamandla ashisayo namandla okugcina amandla, izindlela zokuxhuma igridi ye-BESS (I-Boiler Energy Storage System) ngokuvamile ziwela ezigabeni ezimbili: esisodwa sisebenzisa umthamo oyinsalela we-transformer eyinsiza yesitshalo esikhona bese siyixhuma endaweni yokukhipha umshini nge-booster yesibili kagesi;
enye ilungiselela isinyathelo esizimele{0}se-transformer ukuze ixhume ngokuqondile isistimu yokugcina amandla endaweni yokukhipha ugesi. Zombili izindlela zokuxhuma zidinga ukunakwa komugqa omfushane{2}}umthamo wesekhethi nokuhluka kwe-harmonic ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kwamayunithi akhona wamandla ashisayo, ama-transformer amakhulu, ama-boiler actuators, namasistimu asizayo. Njengamanje, uhlelo lokuxhuma i-axiliary transformer yesitshalo luvame kakhulu.
Mayelana nezinhlelo zokuxhumana nokulawula, kokubili i-RTU (Remote Control Unit) kanye ne-DCS (Isistimu Yokulawula Okusatshalaliswa) kufanele zilungiswe ngokufanele, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bemishini nemisebenzi eyisisekelo ihlanganisa:
I-RTU (Iyunithi Yesifunda) izongeza iphakheji yokulinganisa amandla ye-BESS (Balanced Energy Storage System), ezohlanganiswa namanani okulinganisa okukhipha i-generator futhi idluliselwe esikhungweni sokuthumela igridi yamandla njengesisekelo sokuhlola kwe-AGC (Automatic Gain Control). Isiteshi esisha sokuxhumana ne-BESS sizosungulwa ukuze kwabelwane ngemiyalo ye-AGC futhi, njengoba kudingekile, sidlulisele okukhiphayo nolwazi lwesimo samandla ashisayo ahlanganisiwe nesistimu yokugcina amandla ku-BESS ukuze kuhlolwe inkomba K yokuqala yokusebenza kokulawula ukulawula kanye nokuhlaziywa kwenzuzo endaweni.
I-DCS (Uhlelo Lokulawula Okusatshalaliswa) luzosungula isiteshi esisha sokuxhumana ne-BESS ukuze kudluliselwe imiyalo ye-AGC, impendulo ephumayo yejeneretha, izinkomba zangempela zokulayisha ijeneretha, impendulo yokuvula ijeneretha ye-AGC, amafulegi esenzo sokulawula imvamisa eyinhloko, imikhawulo yokuphuma kwejeneretha, nemikhawulo yezinga lokulawula ukukhiqiza.
I-BESS, esekelwe emiyalweni ye-AGC kanye-nokukhiphayo kwesikhathi sangempela kweyunithi yokukhiqiza amandla, kuhlanganiswe ne-SOC yebhethri yesistimu yokulondoloza amandla, yakha imiyalo yamandla yesistimu yokugcina amandla ukuze ifinyelele ukulawulwa kwamandla okusheshayo kanye nomthetho, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni.
Isithombe: Isilawuli Se-AGC Esisizayo se-BESS
Kusistimu yokulawula imvamisa yokugcinwa kwe-thermal ne-energy, isistimu yokugcina amandla ngokuvamile iqukethe isitsha se-PCS+step{1}}esiphezulu se-transformer, isiqukathi sebhethri,{2}}isitsha sokufinyelela i-voltage ephezulu, kanye nesiqukathi sokuqapha sasendaweni. Phakathi kwazo, isitsha se-PCS+step-phezulu sigcina iyunithi eyinhloko eyindandatho, -i-transformer ekhuphukayo, kanye ne-PCS. Ixhunywe esitsheni sebhethri ohlangothini lwe-DC, futhi ohlangothini lwe-AC, ixhunywe ngokuhambisana nesistimu yokugcina amandla eseduze ngaphambi kokuxhunywa kusiguquli sesevisi yesitshalo ngekhabhinethi yokushintsha emaphakathi.
Ekusetshenzisweni okukhethekile kwephrojekthi, imininingwane yokuklama nokuguqulwa ingase ihluke, kodwa konke kufanele kuhambisane nomgomo wokunciphisa umthelela kumayunithi okuqala wamandla ashisayo futhi akufanele kube yingozi yokuphepha ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwe-DCS namayunithi.
Ngezidingo eziqinile ezikhulayo zekhwalithi yamandla, ikakhulukazi ukukhula okusheshayo kumthamo wemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo efana namandla omoya namandla elanga, igridi yamandla inesidingo esikhulayo{0}}sekhwalithi ephezulu yokulawula imvamisa. Nokho, ukulungiswa okuvamisile okukhulu-kwesilinganiso se-AGC (Automatic Gain Control) ngamayunithi wamandla ashisayo kungaba nomthelela omubi kumishini futhi kuvimbe ukusebenza okuzinzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ultra-i-low emission retrofitting iphinde ikhawulele izinga lokulawula lamayunithi wamandla ashisayo, kunciphisa inkomba yokusebenza kwe-regulation K. Ngakho-ke, amasistimu okulawula amaza okushisa ahlanganisiwe kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla ahlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziqondile zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho.
Sithatha iphrojekthi ehlanganisiwe yokugcinwa kwamandla ashisayo eNyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-China njengesibonelo, ngaphambi kokwengezwa kwendawo yokugcina amandla, inkomba yokusebenza ye-AGC yokulawula ukulawulwa K yamayunithi anamandla ashisayo azimele asukela ku-1.97 kuya ku-2.62. Ngemva kokwengeza isitoreji samandla, amandla ashisayo ahlanganisiwe kanye nesistimu yokugcina amandla ithuthukise lokhu ku-4.95 kuya ku-5.91; izindleko zesinxephezelo nazo zenyuka zisuka ngaphansi kuka-10,000 yuan/ngosuku zaya cishe ku-110,000 yuan/ngosuku.
Kodwa-ke, ngezikhathi zomthwalo ozinzile, isidingo segridi sezinsiza zokulawula imvamisa sinomkhawulo ophezulu, futhi isikhala semakethe salolu hlelo lokusebenza sizominyanisa ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokwamukelwa komthetho othi "zero{1}}samba" kanye nomthelela wezinqubomgomo kanye nezindlela zokusabalalisa inzalo ezihlobene, imali engenayo yephrojekthi, ikakhulukazi yabanikazi besistimu yokugcina amandla, ingaphansi kokungaqiniseki okuthile.