Konke-Kusistimu-Eyodwa Yesitoreji Samandla: Indlela Esebenza Ngayo nokuthi Ungakhetha Kanjani

Konke-kuhlelo{1}}lodwa lwesitoreji samandla (ESS) luhlanganisa i-hybrid inverter, amamojula ebhethri, isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri (BMS), kanye nesofthiwe yokuphatha amandla ibe indawo evalekile yefekthri eyodwa{2}}ehloliwe. Esikhundleni sokuthola ingxenye ngayinye ngokuhlukana nokuyihlanganisa esizeni, wonke umzila wamandla - osuka ku-solar ukuya ekukhipheni kwe-AC - uhamba njengeyunithi eyodwa ehlanganisiwe.

Kubasabalalisi abakha imigqa yomkhiqizo, abahlanganisi abaklama amaphrojekthi okuhweba okuhlala noma alula, kanye namaqembu okuthenga aqhathanisa okokusebenza, umbuzo ongokoqobo uqondile: ingabe i-architecture ehlanganisiwe iyasifanela isimo sokuthunyelwa, noma ingabe isistimu yokuhlukanisa (modular) inikeza inani elithe xaxa? Lo mhlahlandlela uhamba ngezizathu zobunjiniyela ezingemuva kwendlela ngayinye,{0}}ukuhwebelana kwangempela komhlaba okuhilelekile, kanye nohlaka oluhlelekile lokwenza leso sinqumo.

Kuyini Konke-Kusistimu-Eyodwa Yesitoreji Samandla?

I-All-in-eyodwa ye-ESS ibamba zonke i-subsystem enkulu - iphakethe lebhethri, i-hybrid inverter, i-BMS, ukuphathwa kwe-thermal, futhi ngokuvamile isilawuli sokuphathwa kwamandla - ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelwe yomshini owodwa. Umkhiqizi ulawula lonke uchungechunge lwesignali, kusukela ku-PV MPPT (ukulandelela indawo yamandla aphezulu, inqubo ethuthukisa ukuphuma kwephaneli yelanga) ngokuphathwa kwebhasi le-DC, ukushajwa kwebhethri nomthetho wokukhipha, kanye nokuphuma kwe-AC.

Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu ekucushweni kokuhlukaniswa, lapho isihlanganisi sikhetha inverter eyi-hybrid komunye umphakeli kanye nerack yebhethri komunye, bese iphatha ukuhambisana kwephrothokholi yokuxhumana, ukufanisa ububanzi be-voltage ye-DC, nokuxhumana kokufakwa ngokomzimba kumkhakha. Kuwo wonke-kuyunithi{2}}eyodwa, zonke lezo zixhumanisi zingaphakathi kanye nezimboni{3}}ziqinisekiswa ngaphambi kokuthi umkhiqizo uthunyelwe.

Umphumela osebenzayo: ayikho inkambu-elungisa iphutha lephrothokholi phakathi kwe-inverter ne-BMS, ayikho ingozi yokungafani kwewindi le-voltage, futhi akukho ukungaqondakali mayelana nokuthi yimuphi umthengisi ongumnikazi wesimangalo sewaranti. Uhlelo lusebenza njengoba luhlolwe efekthri, noma alusebenzi. Okwamaqembu aphethe amanani aphezulu weukufakwa kwendawo yokugcina amandla, lobo lula buhumusha ngokuqondile kuzingcingo ezimbalwa kanye nokuqedwa kwephrojekthi ngokushesha.

Konke-ku--One ESS vs Split ESS

Ngaphambi kokungena ezinhlelweni ezithile kanye nemikhawulo, kuyasiza ukubona izakhiwo ezimbili zihlangene. Ithebula elingezansi lifingqa umehluko oyinhloko othinta ukuthenga, ukufakwa, nokusebenza{1}}kwesikhathi eside.

Kungani i-DC Coupling Inikeza Konke-konke-ku-One Systems Inzuzo Ephumelelayo

Kakhulu-kumasistimu{1}ewodwa zisebenzisa i-DC{2}}i-coupled topology. Amandla elanga angena ngesilawuli se-MPPT, ahamba ngebhasi le-DC, futhi agcinwe ebhethrini noma aguqulelwe ku-AC - konke ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelwe eyodwa enezindlela ezimfushane zekhondakta nezigaba zokuguqulwa ezincane.

Kusistimu evamile yokuhlukanisa okuhlanganisiwe ye-AC{0}, indlela yamandla yinde: i-solar DC iguqulelwa ku-AC nge-inverter yelanga, bese ibuyiselwa ku-DC ngeshaja yebhethri ukuze igcinwe, bese iba yi-AC futhi ukuze isetshenziswe ekhaya. Ukuguqulwa ngakunye kwethula ukulahlekelwa. Ngokusho kwedatha yemboni,Amasistimu ahlanganisiwe e-AC{0}imvamisa afinyelela u-90–94%{3}}wohambo oluhamba kahle{3}lokubuya, kanti amasistimu ahlangene e-DC{4}}afinyelela ku-95–98%ngoba ziqeda isigaba esisodwa noma ezimbili zokuguqulwa ngokuphelele.

Leyo gebe ihlanganisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuhlelo lokuhamba ngebhayisikili elingu-10 kWh kanye ngosuku, ngisho nomehluko ongamaphesenti angu-4-amaphesenti{5}}okusebenza kahle athola cishe u-146 kWh ngonyaka - amandla abengaphela njengokushisa phakathi nokuguqulwa okungadingekile. Inzuzo eqondile incike ku-inverter topology ethile, ikhemistri yebhethri, kanye nephrofayili yokulayisha, kodwa inzuzo eqondisayo yokuhlanganisa i-DC isungulwe kahle embonini yonkana.

Ukuze uthole ukuqhathanisa okujulile kwezakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu kokuthiI-AC-ihlanganiswe ne-DC{1}}ehlanganisiwe yesitoreji sebhethri.

Ukuphatha Okushisayo: Inselelo Yobunjiniyela Abathengi Abaningi Abanaki

Ukubeka wonke amandla kagesi namaseli ebhethri endaweni ebiyelwe eyodwa kugxilisa ukushisa ngezindlela ezigwema amasistimu ngokwemvelo. Lesi isihlukanisi sekhwalithi esibaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwabo bonke-ku{2}}kumkhiqizi oyedwa, nokho asivamile ukuvela eziqhathanisweni{3}}zeshidi.

Ngaphakathi{0}}kuyunithi eyodwa{1}eyodwa, imithombo yokushisa emibili ehlukene iqhudelana nge-thermal headroom. Ama-semiconductors amandla e-inverter akhiqiza ama-spikes okushisa abukhali, adlulayo alandelela izinguquko zomthwalo. Amaseli ebhethri akhiqiza ukulayisha okushisayo kancane kancane ngokulingana nenani lokushaja/lokukhipha (ngokuvamile lichazwa njengesilinganiso esingu-C-, esichaza ukuthi ibhethri lishaja noma liphuma ngokushesha kangakanani uma liqhathaniswa nomthamo walo). Womabili amaphrofayela kufanele aphathwe ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokuvumela noma yimuphi umthombo ukuthi wehlise isithunzi sokusebenza kwenye ingxenye noma ubude bempilo.

Iyunithi-eklanywe kahle ibhekana nalokhu ngendawo ehlukanisiwe ye-thermal, amashaneli okugeleza komoya azinikele noma amaluphu okupholisa uketshezi e-inverter namakhompathi ebhethri, kanye nokulawulwa kwefeni okuhlakaniphile noma kwephampu okuxhunywe{1}}kudatha yesikhathi sangempela sezinga lokushisa. Iyunithi eklanywe kabi ivele ibeke yonke into ebhokisini elinesikhala - idizayini esebenza ezindaweni ezipholile kodwa ehluleka lapho amazinga okushisa e-ambient evamise ukweqa ama-degree angu-35 .

Ongakubuza abakhiqizi:Cela ijika le-thermal derating curve - ishadi elibonisa ukuthi amandla okukhiphayo ashintshashintsha kanjani njengoba izinga lokushisa le-ambient likhuphuka ukusuka ku-25℃ukuya ku-45℃noma ngaphezulu. Idizayini eqinile igcina okukhiphayo okulinganiselwe kulo lonke ibanga eligcwele. Idizayini encane yehla kakhulu ngaphezu kwamadigri angu-35, okwenza{6}}umthamo womhlaba wangempela ngokunembile lapho imithwalo yokupholisa iphakeme kakhulu. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngokuthi idizayini yokupholisa iyithinta kanjani impilo yebhethri, bheka isihloko sethu esithiindlela yokukhetha isistimu yokupholisa ye-BESS.

Ubuhle Bakho Konke-ku-Kumasistimu Awokugcina Amandla Awodwa

Ukufakwa ngokushesha kanye nezindleko zabasebenzi eziphansi.Ukufakwa kwesistimu ehlukanisayo kuhilela ukukhweza inverter nokubeka ibhethri ngokuhlukana, ukusebenzisa ikhebula ye-DC phakathi kwakho, ukulungisa izimiso zokuxhumana (ibhasi le-CAN noma i-RS485), ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwamandla kagesi, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga zokuxhawula izandla. Konke-kuyunithi eyodwa{3}}kwehlisa lokhu ekukhwezeni indawo eyodwa ebiyelwe, ukuxhuma okokufaka kwe-PV nokuphuma kwe-AC, nokusebenzisa ukulandelana kokukhipha. Amaqembu ezinkambu ngokuvamile abika ukulondoloza amahora amabili kuya kwamane ngephrojekthi ngayinye - inani elihluka ngomuzwa wabasebenzi nezimo zesayithi kodwa elivela njalo kumpendulo yesifaki. Kwabafaki{7}}abaphezulu bevolumu, lokho kuhumushela kumaphrojekthi engeziwe ngesonto.

Izingozi zokushayela emuva ezimbalwa.Ngozinkambu ezimbalwa-ezixhumeneyo futhi kungekho{1}}ukulungiswa kwephrothokholi ephambanayo, kukhona amaphuzu okuhluleka ambalwa okungase kuqalise ukuphindela. Lokhu kwehliswa kwe-callback akuvamile ukuvela ekuqhathanisweni kwentengo yesisetshenziswa kodwa kuthinta kakhulu inzuzo yesifaki phakathi nonyaka ogcwele wamaphrojekthi.

Iwaranti eyodwa, umthengisi oyedwa.Uma okuthile kwehluleka, akukho ukudideka mayelana nokuthi ubani ozobiza. Lokhu kwenza uchungechunge lwesevisi lube lula kukho kokubili isihlanganisi nekhasimende lokugcina.

Isitifiketi njengohlelo oluphelele.Ngenxa yokuthi umkhiqizi ulawula yonke ingxenye, iyunithi ingahlolwa futhi iqinisekiswe njengomkhiqizo ohlanganisiwe ngaphansi kwamazinga asebenzayo - njengokuthiI-UL9540eNyakatho Melika, ukumakwa kwe-CE ngaphansi kwamazinga e-EN afanelekile e-Europe, noma ukugunyazwa kwe-CEC kwe-Australia. Ekucushweni kokuhlukaniswa, ingxenye ngayinye iphethe isitifiketi sayo, kodwa isistimu ehlanganisiwe ayizange iqinisekiswe ndawonye. Lokhu kudala igebe lokuthobela elihluka ngokuya ngendawo kodwa elingabambezela noma kwenze kube nzima ukugunyazwa kwephrojekthi.

Imikhawulo kanye nokuhwebelana okufanele kuqondwe

I-scalability ivinjelwe.Ngenxa yokuthi i-inverter nebhethri kuhlanganisiwe, awukwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokuzimela. Uma amandla adinga ukukhula, indlela evamile ingeza iyunithi yesibili ephelele (uma umkhiqizi esekela ukusebenza okufanayo) kunokumane wengeze amamojula ebhethri. Lokhu akusho lutho ekufakweni okusha kwezindawo zokuhlala ezinemithwalo{2}}enezimpawu ezinhle. Kubaluleke kakhulu kumaphrojekthi e-retrofit lapho ukusetshenziswa kushintsha ngokuqhubekayo - ngokwesibonelo, lapho umndeni wengeza ishaja ye-EV, iphampu yokushisa, noma ukunwetshwa kwekhaya.

Iphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka lidinga umongo.Uma i-inverter yehluleka-kuwo wonke-iyunithi eyodwa, lonke uhlelo luya ku-inthanethi. Kodwa lokhu kukhathazeka kudinga umbono: ohlelweni lokuhlukanisa, ukwehluleka kwe-inverter kwenza amandla agciniwe angafinyeleleki. Umehluko wangempela ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlukanisa luvumela ukushintshwa kwe-inverter ngaphandle kokuthinta ibhethri. Umbuzo obalulekile owokuthi ingabe yonke-kumodeli yesevisi{6}}yomkhiqizi oyedwa ihlanganisa umklamo wangaphakathi oyimodulayo (lapho ibhodi eguqulayo ingashintshwa-ngaphandle kokukhipha ibhethri), uhlu lwezingxenye eziyisipele zesifunda, kanye nesivumelwano sezinga lesevisi esibhaliwe sesikhathi sokuphendula.

Izinto zokulungisa ziyahlukahluka kakhulu.Abanye abakhiqizi baklama amasistimu angaphansi angaphakathi - ibhodi elishintshashintshayo, imojuli ye-BMS, ukuhlanganiswa kwabalandeli - ukuze kushintshwe ngamanye{2}}kusayithi. Ezinye zidinga iyunithi yonke ukuthi ibuyiselwe efekthri ngomkhumbi. Ngaphambi kokuzibophezela kulayini womkhiqizo, cela isikhathi esimaphakathi esibhaliwe sokulungisa nokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezingxenye eziyisipele zesifunda. Lo mbuzo owodwa uhlukanisa abakhiqizi abanemodeli yesevisi ekhulile kulabo abangenayo.

Isiphi Isimo Sokuthunyelwa Esifanelana Neyiphi I-Architecture?

Ukukhethwa kwezakhiwo kufanele kulandele iphrojekthi, hhayi okuthandwayo okuvamile. Nansi indlela isimo ngasinye esivame ukusho ngayo:

Indawo yokuhlala entsha enelanga:Konke-kumasistimu{1}}ewodwa kuvame ukufana okuqine kakhulu. Iphrofayili yomthwalo iyabikezelwa, ukufakwa kuyindawo eluhlaza okotshani engenazo izinto zefa, futhi ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo kuhambisana namashejuli wokwakha. Uma uhlola{{0}kugridi,{1}}ivaliwe{1}igridi, noma izilungiselelo ze-solar ezixubile, konke{0}}kuyunithi eyodwa{1}enza isinqumo sibe lula ngokuphatha izindlela eziningi ngaphakathi.

I-Retrofit yokuhlala ene-solar inverter ekhona:Amasistimu okuhlukanisa ngokuvamile enza umqondo owengeziwe uma isiguquli esikhona sisesesikhathini sempilo yaso yokusebenzisa - i-AC{1}}ukuhlanganisa ibhethri elizimele kugwema ukumiselela okokusebenza okusebenzayo. Nokho, uma isiguquli esikhona sisondela ekupheleni-ko{4}}kokuphila, konke{5}}kokushintshwa{6}}okukodwa okuhlanganisa yomibili imisebenzi kungaba yindleko enkulu{7}}kunokusebenza okuhlukile kokushintshashintsha kanye nokwengezwa kwebhethri.

Kuvaliwe{{0}izinhlelo zokusebenza zegridi kanye{1}}ezibuthakathaka:Konke-kumasistimu{1}}okukodwa anamandla akhelwe-ngegridi{3}}okwakha afaneleka kakhulu lapha. Idizayini edidiyelwe iqinisekisa ukuthi i-inverter, ibhethri, ne-EMS kufekthri-kulungiselwe ukusebenza kwemodi yesiqhingi, okuhlanganisa isiqalo esimnyama (ikhono lokuqalisa kabusha kusukela ekulahlekeni kwamandla okuphelele ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwegridi yangaphandle), ukulawulwa kwemvamisa, nokuhlanganiswa kwejeneretha. Amasistimu wokuhlukanisa angafinyelela ukusebenza okufanayo kodwa adinga ukukhethwa kwengxenye ngokucophelela. Funda kabanzi mayelanaukuthi izixazululo ze-microgrid energy zisebenza kanjaniokwezimo-zegridi.

Ukuthengisa okulula nokuphathwa kwesidingo:Noma iyiphi i-architecture ingasebenza. Onke-kumayunithi{2}}ewodwa anesofthiwe-eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokuphatha amandla namandla afanayo angakala ukuze alinganise imithwalo yezentengiso. Ukuthunyelwa okukhudlwana noma okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuvamise ukuthandaisitoreji sebhethri sezentengisonoma izixazululo ezineziqukathi lapho ukulinganiswa okuzimele kwamandla namandla kubalulekile.

Multi{0}}izindlu zokuhlala (amafulethi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlu):Konke-kumasistimu{1}}ewodwa enza kube lula ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kuwo wonke amayunithi afanayo. Izinqubo zokufaka ezingaguquki, ukuphathwa kwe-SKU eyodwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanayo kunciphisa{3}}iyunithi ngayinye izindleko kakhulu ngesilinganiso.

Ungakukhetha Kanjani Konke-ku-I-ESS Eyodwa: Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokuhlola

Uma ukuhlola kwakho kukhomba kukho konke-ku-isakhiwo esisodwa, lezi izicaciso nemibuzo ehlukanisa umkhiqizo oqinile kulowo oseceleni:

Ukuziphatha kokwehlisa izinga lokushisa.Cela ijika lokukhipha amandla kuwo wonke amazinga okushisa asendaweni ukusuka ku -10℃kuya ku-50℃. Igebe phakathi komthamo olinganiselwe ku-25℃kanye nomthamo wangempela ku-45℃lembula ikhwalithi yomklamo oshisayo.

Ukusebenza kahle kohambo{0}lokubuya ngomthwalo oyingxenye.Ukusebenza kahle kwesihloko kulinganiswa ngomthwalo olinganiselwe. Amasistimu okuhlala angempela achitha amahora amaningi okusebenza ku-20–50% wamandla alinganiselwe. Cela idatha esebenza kahle ekulayisheni okungu-25% no-50% - kulapho ama-inverter angalungiswanga kahle elahlekelwa khona amandla abalulekile.

Ukucaciswa kokusebenza okufanayo.Uma umkhiqizo usekela amayunithi afanayo, qinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza ngokuhambisana kuvumela ukuphathwa kwamandla okuvumelanisiwe kwangempela noma ukusebenza okuzimele ngemuva kwebhasi elivamile. Hlola inani eliphezulu lamayunithi ahambisanayo asekelwayo, ukubambezeleka kokuxhumana phakathi kwamayunithi, nezimfuneko zokubuyekezwa kwe-firmware.

Ukusebenza ensimini.Ingabe imojula ye-inverter, ibhodi ye-BMS, nokuhlanganisa abalandeli kungashintshwa ngakunye{0}}kusayithi ngaphandle kokukhipha yonke iyunithi? Isiphi isikhathi esiqondile somkhiqizi sokulungisa? Zitholakala kuphi izingxenye eziyisipele zesifunda?

Ukuvuleleka kwephrothokholi yokuxhumana.Ingabe isistimu iyawasekela amaphrothokholi ajwayelekile - I-Modbus TCP, i-SunSpec, i-MQTT - ukuze ahlanganiswe-nokuqapha okuvela eceleni, amasistimu okuphatha amabhilidi, noma izinkundla zeplanti yamandla abonakalayo? Ukuqapha{3}}okuphathelene kuphela kukhiya izihlanganisi futhi kugcine amakhasimende ku-ecosystem yomkhiqizi.

Ikhemikhali yebhethri nempilo yomjikelezo.I-LiFePO4 (i-lithium iron phosphate) isalokhu iyikhemistri ehamba phambili kwezohwebo zokuhlala nezilula{1}}kumasistimu-ewodwa ngenxa yokusimama kwayo okushisayo nempilo yomjikelezo omude. Qinisekisa ukucaciswa kwempilo yomjikelezo ekujuleni okushiwo kokukhipha (i-DoD) - isilinganiso somjikelezo ongu-6,000 ku-80% DoD simele ukuzibophezela kwewaranti okuhluke kakhulu kunemijikelezo engu-6,000 ku-50% DoD. Hlola ukuthi ingabe iwaranti icacisa umthamo ogciniwe ekupheleni kwempilo (imvamisa u-60–70% woqobo) nokuthi ingabe isibalo somjikelezo kanye nokunikezwa kwempilo yekhalenda kuyaqoqwa noma kuzimele. Ukuze uthole ukuqhathanisa okubanzi kwezinketho zebhethri, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu kuizinhlobo ezahlukene zebhethri zokugcina amandla.

Ukuphelela kwesitifiketi.Qinisekisa ukuthi iyunithi iphethe izitifiketi ezisebenza emakethe yakho oyiqondisayo njengesistimu ehlanganisiwe - hhayi nje ingxenye-yemibiko yokuhlolwa kwezinga. ENyakatho Melika,I-UL9540izinga lokuphepha-lezinga lesistimu elihlola i-ESS ephelele okuhlanganisa ukuphepha kukagesi, okomshini, nomlilo. EYurophu, qinisekisa ukumakwa kwe-CE ngamazinga afanele we-EN. Nge-Australia, qinisekisa ukugunyazwa kwe-CEC. Cela izinombolo zesitifiketi futhi uziqinisekise ngokuzimela - izimangalo zokumaketha zizodwa azithatheli indawo yamadokhumenti angaqinisekiswa. Isihloko sethu kukungani i-BESS yakho idinga isitifiketi se-ULihlanganisa lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Amathrendi Emakethe: Ibhekephi Imboni?

Imakethe yokugcina amandla ikhula ngokushesha, futhi ukuthambekela kokuhlanganisa okuphezulu kucacile. Ngokusho kwe-SEIA kanye ne-Benchmark Mineral Intelligence,Ukufakwa kwe-US BESS kudlule ama-57 GWh ngo-2025, okuwunyaka ongu-29%-ngaphezu-kokunyuka konyaka, nokusetshenziswa okulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ku-70 GWh ngo-2026. Idatha ye-Wood Mackenzie ibonisa ukuthi i-US ifake u-18.9 GW womthamo wesitoreji ngo-2025, okuwukunyuka okungu-52% ngo-2024, nokuqagela kokungu-500 GWh okungu-203 komthamo omusha we-203.

Ngaphakathi kwalokhu kukhula, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) abe ikhemistri ehamba phambili kuzo zombili izingxenye-zesikali nezindawo zokuhlala. Ukuminyana kwamandla okuguquguqukayo kuyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono, ubuhlakani be-BMS buthuthuka busuka ekuqapheni okwenziwayo ukuya ekulawuleni izinga leseli eqagelayo{2}}, futhi amakhasimende ekugcineni aya ngokuya alindela izinto zikagesi{3}}njengokuba lula ezinhlelweni zawo zesitoreji.

Kubakhiqizi, lokhu kusho ukutshalwa kwezimali kobunjiniyela ekuphathweni kwe-thermal, ukuminyana kwamandla, kanye nokusebenza kwe-modular ngaphakathi kwefomu elihlanganisiwe kuzonquma ukuncintisana ngokwandayo. Kubasabalalisi nabahlanganisi, ikhono lokuchaza isizathu sobunjiniyela ngemuva kokukhethwa kwezakhiwo - esikhundleni sokuncintisana ngentengo kuphela - iba umehluko ophusile njengoba amakhasimende okugcina ekhula ukwaziswa okwengeziwe futhi nezimfuneko zokulawula ziqina.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Iyiphi inzuzo enkulu yakho konke-ku-ku-ESS eyodwa phezu kwesistimu yokuhlukanisa?

Inzuzo eyinhloko ukuhlanganisa okwenziwe lula. Ngenxa yokuthi zonke izingxenye zihlolwe njengasekuqaleni-zondawonye, ​​akukho mkhakha{2}}wokulungisa iphutha lephrothokholi yezinga, akukho bungozi bokungafani kwe-voltage, futhi ukufakwa kuyashesha kakhulu. I-DC-ihlanganise konke-ku-iyunithi eyodwa futhi ijwayele ukuletha ukusebenza kahle kohambo lokuya nokubuya ({7}}okuvame u-95–98%) uma kuqhathaniswa ne-AC{10}}ukulungiselelwa kokuhlukaniswa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-AC (ngokuvamile okungu-90–94%), njengoba iqeda isigaba esisodwa noma ezimbili zokuguqulwa kwamandla.

Ngingakwazi ukunweba-konke{1}kusistimu eyodwa yokugcina amandla uma amandla ami edinga ukukhula?

Ukunwetshwa kuncike kumkhiqizi. Eziningi zesimanje-kumasistimu{2}}ezodwa zisekela ukusebenza okufanayo, okukuvumela ukuthi wengeze iyunithi ephelele yesibili (noma yesithathu) ukuze ukhuphule umthamo usuwonke. Nokho, awukwazi ukwengeza amamojula webhethri ngokuzimela noma uthuthukise i-inverter kuphela. Ezimeni lapho ukukhula komthwalo kungabikezeleki khona - njengokwengeza ishaja ye-EV noma iphampu yokushisa - lo mkhawulo ufanele ukukalwa ngokuqhathaniswa nezinzuzo zobulula bokufaka.

Ingabe konke-ku{1}}ku-ESS eyodwa kusingatha kanjani ukuphathwa kokushisa ngendlela ehlukile kunesistimu yokuhlukanisa?

Kusistimu ehlukanisayo, i-inverter nebhethri kuhlala ezindaweni ezivalekile ezinezindlela ezizimele ezishisayo, zisabalalisa ukushisa ngokwemvelo. Konke-kuyunithi eyodwa{2}}kugxilisa kokubili imithombo yokushisa endaweni ebiyelwe eyodwa, edinga izindawo ezihlukene zobunjiniyela be-thermal - ezihlukene, ukugeleza komoya okukhethekile noma amashaneli okupholisa uketshezi, kanye nezilawuli ezisebenzayo-zezinga lokushisa. Kungakho amajika ancipha ngokushisayo aphakathi kwezicaciso ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zihlolwe uma kuqhathaniswa-konke{7}}kumikhiqizo eyodwa.

Ingabe konke-kuhlelo{1}}kukodwa kuyiphuzu elilodwa lokwehluleka?

Ngobuchwepheshe, yebo - uma isiguquli sihluleka, yonke iyunithi ayixhumekile ku-inthanethi. Kodwa ohlelweni lokuhlukanisa, ukwehluleka kwe-inverter kwenza amandla agciniwe angafinyeleleki. Umbuzo osebenzayo akuwona ubungozi bezakhiwo ngokwazo kodwa kunalokho imodeli yesevisi yomkhiqizi: Ingabe i-inverter board ingashintshwa{3}}ngaphandle kokukhipha ibhethri? Ingabe umenzi unakekela izingxenye eziyisipele zesifunda? Yisiphi isikhathi sokuphendula esiqinisekisiwe ngaphansi kwewaranti?

Yiziphi izitifiketi okufanele bonke-ku-ESS{1}} eyodwa babe nazo?

Izidingo zesitifiketi ziyahlukahluka ngokwemakethe. ENyakatho Melika, bhekaUkufakwa kuhlu kwezinga lesistimu ye-UL 9540{1}}, ehlola i-ESS ephelele okuhlanganisa ukuphepha kwebhethri, amandla kagesi, nokusakazwa kwe-thermal. E-Europe, ukumaka i-CE ngaphansi kwezindinganiso ze-EN kuyadingeka. E-Australia, ukugunyazwa kwe-CEC kuyadingeka. Umehluko obalulekile ukuthi izitifiketi kufanele zisebenze ohlelweni oludidiyelwe, hhayi nje izingxenye ngazinye. Izinga lamazwe ngamazweI-IEC 62619ihlanganisa izidingo zokuphepha zamaseli e-lithium yesibili namabhethri asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezimboni, okuhlanganisa nesitoreji samandla esimile.

Ubani okufanele akhethe-konke-ku-ESS eyodwa, futhi ubani okufanele akhethe isistimu yokuhlukanisa?

Konke-kumasistimu{1}}okukodwa kulungele kangcono ukufakwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ezintsha ezinemithwalo ebikezelwayo, evaliwe{2}}igridi noma ebuthakathaka{3}}izinhlelo zokusebenza zegridi ezidinga igridi{4}}ikhono lokwakha, kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamayunithi amaningi{5}}okujwayelekile lapho ukufakwa okungashintshi kanye{6}}neziqinisekiso zezindleko zomthengisi oyedwa. Amasistimu ahlukanisiwe ngokuvamile afaneleka kangcono ukubuyisela ekufakweni okukhona kwelanga, amaphrojekthi lapho ukukhula komthwalo wesikhathi esizayo kungaqinisekile, kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezentengiso okudinga ukukalwa okuzimele kwamandla namandla.